RUSSIA

1990s

Q - Z

Quinn-Judge, Paul. "Spooked." New Republic, 16 Mar. 1992, 18-19.

The KGB is "alive and well" in Yeltsin's Russia. It has "successfully weathered the storm" that was threatened by Bakatin's brief stint at the top. And why does the KGB continue to survive? "[L]ike many Russian rulers before him, overawed by the complexities of running this sprawling, restless, and feckless state, [Yeltsin] is understandably tempted to have a strong security apparatus in place -- just in case."

Rahr, Alexander. "The Revival of a Strong KGB." RFE/RL Research Report 2, no. 20 (14 May 1993): 74-79.

Remnick, David. Lenin's Tomb: The Last Days of the Soviet Empire. New York: Random House, 1993.

Surveillant 3.2/3: Although intelligence is not the focus, this book includes material on CIA renegade Edward Lee Howard, Yevgeny Ivanov, and Vladimir Kryuchkov.

Reuters. "Army Spies, Still Miffed, Mark 80 Years." 6 Nov. 1998. [http://www. russiatoday.com]

The Russian military espionage service, the GRU, marked its 80th anniversary on 5 November 1998, "still smarting over Josef Stalin's paranoid failure to heed its warnings about Nazi invasion plans and now facing a more prosaic lack of funds.... Gen. Anatoly Kvashnin, chief of the General Staff, wrote in a rare front-page article in the military daily Krasnaya Zvezda that the GRU still played an important role but had been forced to reassess priorities because of lack of money. He also said the GRU, arguably the most secret of Russia's secret services, was cooperating with Western spy agencies in the fight against terrorism, drugs and nuclear proliferation."

Risen, James. "Russia Helped U.S. on Nuclear Spying Inside North Korea." New York Times, 20 Jan. 2003. [http://www.nytimes.com]

In the 1990s, "Russian intelligence officers ... placed nuclear monitors provided by the C.I.A. inside the Russian Embassy in ... Pyongyang, to try to detect telltale signs of activity from the North Korean nuclear weapons program. The C.I.A. trained officers from the S.V.R. ... in the operation of the American equipment, and the Russians then shared their findings with the Americans. The joint operation has since ended."

Risen, James. "Russians Are Back in Afghanistan, Aiding Rebels." New York Times, 27 Jul. 1998. [http://www.nytimes.com]

Russia is supplying covert assistance to a rebel coalition fighting the Taliban, the militant Islamic group that controls most of Afghanistan. "While it has not committed troops..., Russia is supplying heavy weapons, training and logistical support to the Northern Alliance, the rebel group that is hanging on to the mountainous northern tier of Afghanistan."

Shchipanov, Mikhail. "A Reliable Partner for Intelligence-Gathering." Current Digest of the Post-Soviet Press, 7 Feb. 1996, 18-19.

ProQuest: "Vyacheslav Trubnikov, the new chief of the Russian Foreign Intelligence Service, continues a tradition of regional specialization that has arisen in recent years. Trubnikov is considered a technocrat and professional."

Schmemann, Serge. "Soviet Archives Provide Missing Pieces of History's Puzzles." New York Times, 8 Feb. 1993, 4.

Waller, J. Michael.

1. "The KGB and Its 'Successors.'" Perspective 4, no. 4 (Apr.-May 1994). [http://www.bu.edu/iscip/vol4/Waller.html]

"Bureaucratic reshufflings and name changes since the Soviet collapse have brought little real reform" to the KGB. "President Yel'tsin's strategy has been to preserve the chekist structures but to dilute their ability to act against him by dividing them into five major organizations and by transferring some units to other ministries.... What appears to be emerging is a huge parastatal system dominated by the former KGB, the nomenklatura, and organized crime.... The chekists today hold most of the major levers of power in Russia."

2. "The KGB Legacy in Russia." Problems of Post-Communism 42, no. 6 (Nov.-Dec. 1995): 3-10.

3. "Organized Crime and the Russian State: Challenges to U.S.-Russian Cooperation." Demokratizatsiya: Journal of Post-Soviet Democratization 2, no. 3 (Summer 1994): 364-383.

Calder: "Urges caution ... in the association between United States intelligence and law enforcement agencies and similar Russian organizations in order ... to avoid embarassment through possible support of a criminal gang."

4. "Russia's Security and Intelligence Services Today." National Security Law Report 15, no. 6 (Jun. 1993): 1-2, 5. Reprinted in Naval Intelligence Professionals Quarterly 9, no. 4 (Oct. 1993), pp. 7-8.

5. "Russia's Security Services: A Checklist for Reform." Perspective 8, no. 1 (Sep.-Oct. 1997). [http://www.bu.edu/iscip/vol8/Waller.html]

6. Soviet Empire: The KGB in Russia Today. Boulder, CO: Westview, 1994.

To Legvold, FA 74.3 (May-Jun. 1995), this is "a valuable book ... [that] explores in great detail the failed effort to remake the massive bureaucracies of the security police in both the Gorbachev and Yeltsin eras.... Far from [being] transformed or restaffed, they remain essentially as before and available to a strong-arm leader." Robinson, Political Studies 44.5, says that "Waller makes his case strongly.... The notion that the organizational culture of 'Chekism' is at the heart of the lack of reform in the post-Soviet intelligence services is, however, strained on occasion.... But overall the books makes for interesting reading."

7. and Victor J. Yasmann. "Russia's Great Criminal Revolution: The Role of the Security Services." Journal of Contemporary Criminal Justice 11, no. 4 (Nov. 1995): 276-297.

The authors review the organization structure and activities of the Russian intelligence services. They conclude that the sevices are part of the problem in post-Soviet Russia.

Warner, William T. "International Technology Transfer and Economic Espionage." International Journal of Intelligence and Counterintelligence 7, no. 2 (Summer 1994): 143-160.

Focus is primarily on Russian targeting of U.S. technology, secondarily on the French effort.

Webster, W. Russell [CDR/USCG]. "The Changing of the Guard." U.S. Naval Institute Proceedings 122, no. 8 (Aug. 1996), 40-42.

"In high demand as a teacher and role model for emerging-nation navies, the U.S. Coast Guard also is working with the former Soviet Union's KGB Maritime Border Guards as it transitions to a more multimission organization. Mutually beneficial exchange efforts ... could enhance cooperation from search and rescue to airfield access."

Weeks, Albert L. "Yeltsin's Monopoly of the Security Organs." American Intelligence Journal 14, no. 3 (Autumn/Winter 1993/1994): 55-59.

Yasmann, Victor.

1. "The KGB and Internal Security." RFE/RL Research Report 1, no. 1 (3 Jan. 1992): 19-21.

2. "Where Has the KGB Gone?" RFE/RL Research Report 2, no. 2 (8 Jan. 1993): 17-20.

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