Maroni,
Alice C. Special Access Programs and the Defense Budget: Understanding
the "Black Budget." Washington, DC: Congressional Research
Service, Library of Congress, 1987.1. Black Budgets
2. Joint Military Intelligence Program
Maroni,
Alice C. Special Access Programs and the Defense Budget: Understanding
the "Black Budget." Washington, DC: Congressional Research
Service, Library of Congress, 1987.
Weiner,
Tim. Blank Check: The Pentagon's Black Budget. New York: Warner, 1990. 1991. [pb]
Clark comment: Blank Check includes references to CIA and other covert operational funds as being hidden in the Pentagon's "Black Budget." Surveillant 1.2 says that this book, based on a Pulitzer Prize-winning series of articles, exposes a $36-billion-dollar cache "used by the Pentagon to fund a top-secret agenda of weapons and wars." Weiner details the intelligence gathering capabilities of the NSA, the NRO, and other groups. He argues that the black budget "displays grand-scale corruption at the highest levels of government."
According to Wirtz, IJI&C 4.3, this "sensationalist treatment of the subject, replete with errors of fact and misinterpretation of key concepts, degenerates into a muckraking exposé." It substitutes "outrage for analysis." On the other hand, Sinkin, NameBase, calls Blank Check "a solidly-documented description of how the U.S. responded to atomic weapons and the Cold War by giving birth to, nurturing, and ultimately succumbing to a national security state."
NMIA Newsletter. Editors. "Joint Military Intelligence Program (JMIP)." 10, no. 2 (1995): 25.
On 7 April 1995, outgoing Deputy Secretary of Defense John Deutch signed DoD Directive No. 5205.9, creating the Joint Military Intelligence Program (JMIP), DoD's new budget and organizational category for intelligence programs, projects, and activities. The JMIP "consists of four component programs, each of which was formally funded in the TIARA aggregation:
"(a) Defense Cryptological Program (DCP).
"(b) Defense Imagery Program (DIP).
"(c) Defense Mapping, Charting and Geodesy Program (DMCGP).
"(d) Defense General Intelligence and Applications Program (DGIAP). which consists of five subprograms, each of which was formally funded in the TIARA aggregation:
(1) Defense Airborne Reconnaissance Program (DARP)
(2) Defense Intelligence Counterdrug Program (DICP)
(3) Defense Intelligence Agency's Tactical Program (DIATP)
(4) Defense Space Reconnaissance Program (DSRP)
(5) Defense Intelligence Special Technology Program (DISTP)."
The item cites as its source the National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 1996, Senate Report No. 104-112, p. 298. OSS Notices 3, no. 7 (31 Jul. 1995).
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